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The P2X7 receptor is an ATP-gated, non-selective cation channel associated with the number of inflammatory diseases. P2X7 receptor antagonists is a therapeutic agents. Opioid medications widely used for pain management. Therefore, approval and launch of a non-addictive pain management option is expected to be a breakthrough in this product space, P2X7 ion channel has been directly linked to major depression and animal studies have shown that antagonism of P2X7 with centrally penetrate antagonists resulted in antidepressant like activities in animal models. Therefore, inflammation, pain indications, mood disorders, and depression are the potential areas among others where, P2X7 is involved, and its antagonism can modify disease therapy. Various research studies activate the P2X7 channels due to release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1b and IL-18. As adenosine triphosphate (ATP) has lowest affinity for P2X7 among all other purinergic ion channels (P2X4, P2X3, and others), extracellular ATP rarely activates P2X7 channel. P2X7 receptor antagonists have significant therapeutic potential, as P2X7 receptors have been found to be associated with regulation of inflammation, and all immune cell type’s lymphocytes, macrophages, monocytes, and others express P2X7.
Recently there is no P2X7 receptor antagonist available in the market. P2X7 is an ideal drug target as antagonism of P2X7 channel would not cause any serious side effects, as antagonism will only start when the channel is activated by high ATP concentrations, believed to happen during pathology of neuroinflammatory Antagonism of P2X7 channel does not lead to serious side effects, as antagonism will only start when the channel is activated by high ATP concentrations, believed to happen during pathology of neuroinflammatory disorders of the Central Nervous System (CNS) such as stroke, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, chronic neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric diseases. Such scenario is expected to boost growth of the global P2X7 receptor antagonist market growth over the forecast period.
COVID-19 Scenario Analysis:
Pharmaceutical and biotech companies together with governments around the globe are working to address the COVID-19 outbreak, from supporting the development of vaccines to planning for medicines supply chain challenges. Currently, around 115 vaccine candidates and 155 molecules are in the R&D pipeline. Moreover, commonly used drugs such as Hydroxychloroquine have witnessed dramatic surge in demand for the management of COVID-19. Such high demand for these drugs has presented huge opportunity for manufacturers of COVID-19 management drugs, as many developed countries are short of these drugs. Owing to the demand for vaccine and treatment drugs for COVID-19, the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry is expected to witness a significant growth in the future.
The ongoing outbreak of COVID-19pamnndemic impacted the P2x7 receptor antagonists market. Due to the temporarily shutting down of industries, the drug product not been manufacturing by manufacturer and researcher. It affect the preclinical and clinical studies of P2x7 receptor antagonist’s drug product which is hinder the growth of P2x7 receptor antagonists market.
Globally, North America Expected to contribute largest market share due to the presence of large number of research and development center, availability of FDA approved product, and increasing number of manufacturer. Whereas Asia-Pacific trying to develop market growth rate attributed to rising demand for antagonist drug product and increasing development in R&D, etc.
Drug manufacturers are still trying advancing the P2X7 antagonist drug class by introducing innovative drugs such as “AKP-23494954/RQ-00466479” are expected to drive the P2x7 receptor antagonists market growth. Moreover, increasing diseases associated with Central Nervous System (CNS) such as stroke, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, chronic neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric diseases, robust pipeline of P2X7 receptor antagonists, Increasing R&D activities these factors are expected to develop global P2X7 receptor antagonist market growth. However the factor such as presence of low number of candidates in the pipeline compared to other conditions such as cancer, is retrain the P2x7 receptor antagonists market growth.
Manufacturers have been focusing on producing new products for specific applications as there are varying demands based on the utilization. Leading market players have determined how improved accuracy can be influential in many applications. In 2019, AstraZeneca Plc., has introduce “Purinergic receptor 2X, ligand-gated ion channel 7” P2X7 antagonist which provide help for preclinical research to explore and validate novel disease biology. In 2019, AstraZeneca Plc., has also launched another new drug product such as “AZ11657312” is a potent antagonist of the rat P2X7 receptor with a pA2 for inhibition of agonist-stimulated ethidium bromide release of 7.8 (15nM) in HEK cells stating the recombinant rat P2X7 receptor. Treatment of rats with AZ11657312, resulted in a reduction in mechanical hyperalgesia and disease severity in the streptococcal cell wall model of arthritis, and a delay in the adjuvant-induced arthritis model. Potency of AZ11657312 is ~50x lower at the human P2X7 receptor [pA2 of 6.1 (794nM)], so in vitro studies using human cells or tissues would require higher concentrations. In 2018, “Evotech” get a USFDA approval for phase I studies for P2X7 receptor antagonist. Similarly “GlaxoSmithKline Plc's” P2X7 “GSK1482160” drug product is still in phase 1 clinical trials. “Asahi Kasei” and “RaQualia Pharma” trying to introduce new product in the market such as AKP-23494954/RQ-00466479, but still in phase 2 studies.
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