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A53512 | Pages: 546 | Charts: 61 | Tables: 220 |
The global pyrolysis oil market size was valued at $318.5 million in 2021 and is projected to reach $480.9 million by 2031, growing at a CAGR of 4.3% from 2022 to 2031.
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Pyrolysis is one of the possible paths for converting biomass to higher-value products. As a result, this technique can contribute to a biorefinery model and increase the range of products that can be produced from biomass. A liquid material called pyrolysis oil is produced during the pyrolysis process and is then cooled. It is a complex mixture of molecules made up of typically more than 200 distinct chemicals that are the outcome of the depolymerization of goods that have undergone pyrolysis treatment.
Pyrolysis oil, commonly referred to as bio-crude or bio-oil, is a synthetic fuel being researched as an alternative to petroleum. It is made by heating dehydrated biomass in an oxygen-free reactor to a temperature of roughly 500 °C (900 °F) before cooling it. Pyrolysis oil, a type of tar, typically has oxygen concentrations that are too high to be regarded as pure hydrocarbons. The non-volatility, corrosiveness, immiscibility with fossil fuels, thermal instability, and propensity to polymerize when exposed to air are all caused by the high oxygen content. As a result, it differs significantly from goods made from petroleum. Upgrading is the process of removing oxygen from bio-oil or nitrogen from algal bio-oil.
Pyrolysis is a well-established technique for the decomposition of organic material at elevated temperatures in the absence of oxygen into oil and other constituents. Debris wood, yard waste, agricultural and forestry leftovers, as well as energy crops, can all be used as feedstock in second-generation biofuel applications.
Pyrolysis has many uses and some of them are listed below:
The harmful impacts caused by the use of fossil fuels are becoming well known. Several research and development initiatives are being carried out in emerging regions to discover substitutes for traditional fossil fuels. The energy sector has been growing quickly over the last few years, and stakeholders are searching for sustainable and energy-efficient solutions as a result of growing environmental concerns and the quick depletion of fossil fuel supplies. Pyrolysis oil can be widely used in multipurpose agricultural diesel engines.
The global market for pyrolysis oil is expanding as a result of rising energy costs, stricter fuel emission rules, and rising petroleum product prices in many nations. The demand for pyrolysis oil is projected to increase owing to a rise in the number of infrastructure development projects taking place around the globe.
Global demand for plastic and rubber has increased significantly over the last decade, owing to vast applications of plastics and rubber in numerous sectors. For instance, plastic consumption has been increasing quickly, especially in manufacturing sectors like food and beverage. Around 40% of the world's plastic production was accounted for by the packaging application segment in 2019. Following it was the segments for packaging, architecture & construction, textiles, and consumer goods.
Increased adoption of biofuels:
There is an increase in the understanding of the harmful effects of using fossil fuels among end users. A lot of research and development is being done in emerging nations to find substitutes for conventional fossil fuels. The energy sector has been expanding quickly recently, and stakeholders are looking for sustainable and energy-efficient solutions due to growing environmental concerns and the speedy depletion of fossil fuel resources. The rise in the need for environment-friendly fuel, in turn, surges the growth of the pyrolysis oil market.
Furthermore, the pyrolysis oil industry is projected to expand at a faster rate due to a rise in energy costs and an increase in petroleum product prices in several nations. In addition, fast industrialization and expansion of infrastructure projects on a global scale are projected to boost market value. The surge in worries about energy security in developing nations is also anticipated to support the expansion of the market.
Consistent demand for plastics has increased concerns about the adverse environmental impact due to the continuous accumulation in landfills, as plastic waste does not degrade, or it degrades at a very slow pace. In Europe, approximately 50% of the waste plastic produced is collected, with the remaining 50% being dumped in landfills. Globally, residential and municipal trash has increased as a result of rapid industrialization and globalization. For instance, the amount of municipal garbage produced in the U.S. in 2018 totaled more than 260 million tons, of which more than 50% were disposed of in landfills.
The U.S. Department of Energy claims that by converting plastic rubber and biodegradable waste into ultra-low-sulfur diesel (ULSD) fuel, pyrolysis technology can reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by up to 14%, water consumption by 58%, and energy consumption by 96% when compared to ULSD from conventional crude oil.
The need to reduce the amount of plastic waste that ends up in landfills and the carbon emissions that go along with it by turning it into value-added products is therefore predicted to drive the global pyrolysis oil market.
Due to government lockdowns and limitations implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic, industrial activity was severely hampered in 2020 and 2021, which constrained the expansion of the pyrolysis oil industry. Due to a lack of raw material supply, restricted working hours/labor strength, and constrained financial resources, the chemical industry, and the heat and power generation sector were immobilized. This put a stop to the use of pyrolysis oil, a sustainable but unconventional fuel that has difficulties with storage and transportation in these industries.
However, since the epidemic was retracted in mid-2021, the industries have been on the road to recovery. The reviving oil and gas, chemical, and power sectors, along with rising downstream demand brought on by the removal of limitations and the expanding sustainability movement, have rekindled market participants' interest in pyrolysis oil.
The pyrolysis oil market is segmented into feedstock, process, end-use, and region. On the basis of feedstock, the market is divided into plastic, rubber, biomass, and others. On the basis of process, it is categorized into fast pyrolysis, slow pyrolysis, and flash pyrolysis. On the basis of end-use, it is classified into heat and power, automotive fuel, and others. Region-wise, the market is studied across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA.
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Slow pyrolysis has acquired a 53.8% market share in terms of revenue. Slow pyrolysis is the slow heating of organic material in absence of oxygen. The volatile components of the organic material partially evaporate rather than combust, leaving behind a product (charcoal) that is largely (usually 80%) composed of carbon. The procedure is typically done at temperatures between 400 and 800 °C with a heating rate of less than 10 °C per minute. Larger-particle feedstock is employed in the process, and if the feeding mechanism can handle it, some ways can use huge pieces of wood.
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The plastic segment has acquired 43.8% of the market share in terms of revenue. The pyrolysis process uses a variety of plastics as feedstock, including polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Using TA-NZ and AA-NZ catalysts, the catalytic pyrolysis of PS resulted in a greater liquid oil yield (70 and 60%) than that of PP (40 and 54%) and PE (40 and 42%). Around 300 million tons of plastic are produced worldwide annually, according to estimates. Plastic trash is frequently converted into energy using the pyrolysis process, which produces solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels. Pyrolysis is an eco-friendly method to convert plastic waste into pyrolysis oil.
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Pyrolysis Oil Market By End Use
The heat and power segment has acquired a 57.9% market share in terms of revenue. Pyrolysis oils can be burned fairly well in traditional oil furnaces and boilers that have been minimally modified. Some already-in-use oil burners can also burn pyrolysis oils; however, they could need a small adjustment. However, it is necessary to specify oil standards, at the very least for solids and water. Oils should be handled and pumped with extra caution. In order to initiate the combustion, support fuel is required at the burner. It is also advised to support the pyrolysis oil in the event that the oil is of low quality. The UK government has estimated that bioenergy will provide more than 35.0% of the total renewable energy production required to reach the goal of producing 15.0% of primary energy from renewable sources by 2020.
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North America has acquired 38.9% of the market share in terms of revenue. The pyrolysis oil market growth in the North America region is attributed to the growth of the industrial diesel engines and industrial boilers industry, the use of pyrolysis oil as an alternative to fossil fuel, the use of deviating new products, and government initiatives. Asia-Pacific is projected to be the fastest-growing region. China held a major share of the pyrolysis oil market in Asia-Pacific in 2021. The expansion of the market in the country can be ascribed to continuous urbanization and industrialization.
The major players operating in the global pyrolysis oil market are Plastic Advanced Recycling Corp., Trident Fuels (Pty) Ltd, Niutech, Quantafuel ASA, Ensyn, Twence, Green Fuel Nordic Oy, Alterra Energy, New Hope Energy, Bioenergy AE Côte-Nord.
Other players operating in the market are Pyro-Oil Nig. Ltd., SetraKlean Industries Inc., BTG Biomass Technology Group, Agile Process Chemicals LLP, and OMV Aktiengesellschaft.
The latest key development strategies undertaken by key market players:
Key Market Segments
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