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Yersinia is a rod-shaped, gram positive bacterium in the Enterobacteriaceae family that causes enterocolitis, terminal iletis, mesenteric lymphadenitis, acute diarrhea and sepsis. The pathogen species of Yersinia include Yersinia pestis, Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. These species of Yersinia cause the Bubonic plague and gastroenteritis respectively. The symptoms of the diseases caused by these bacteria include gastroenteritis, vomiting, abdominal pain, low grade fever and diarrhea. The infection usually occurs in children. This infection affects men more often than women.
The treatment includes administration of cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxasole (TMP-SMZ) and aminoglycosides. There are several diagnostic tests that are performed to detect the infections, such as stool culture, ELISA, radioimmunoassay, tube agglutination, CT scan, ultrasonography, colonoscopy etc. Several techniques such as PCR utilize monoclonal antibodies to identify the infections. As per the geographic analysis, North America holds the dominant share in the Yersinia diagnostics market due to the rising incidence of the infections. The Asia Pacific region is the fastest growing region due to the presence of untapped opportunities and high prevalence of infection in countries like India and Japan.
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